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<br />Principles of a Sound National Water Policy
<br />
<br />TIll' J/otjr'n\ wall'r {,,-,/if i,'\ alJd prar-
<br />tin'.\ /Wl't' ('l'O/1-('tf (JI'I'I //1111I\' \",'(11"1 t/lld
<br />!ulI"e hel'/1 ('11II1I).:ill~ .\igllif;,"(/lIlly ill
<br />ri'rt'"r Yetln, In it.\ (o/llil111illg _1I/1")"I'il-
<br />/0""(' nJ \l'III/'r I'ofj(';r'\", ,hr' /1 \"Cr: ("nil/_
<br />mittel' Oil National Wall!" Polie')' "as
<br />fOl/lld '''{/1 prel'joll.lly lIJ'Il/"r/I'I'cf .lltlle.
<br />111('/11.\ 0/ S(JC;f'fY I/o/icy did /lor COl'l'"
<br />lht' ("1J!('rgjng prohl"1JJs or \l'l'n' ad.
<br />drl"s'ied 10 Sl't'cific Ill'liel.' lI\/'('('fs /In
<br />longer at iHlW. A "('11' \r{I1~'IIH,,,t of
<br />fum/wllt'tHal "I'illcipln, I\'''ieh II'O/lld
<br />CO/Htit"'" a r,.jolil.t'ly /fl/c!/(/I/giflg I'l't
<br />
<br />Summary
<br />
<br />Thi.. stat('nH.'nt nllllilll.:.. ha~ic prin-
<br />ciples, which ...hnuld he fnllmwd in
<br />waler-lhr po!icie, and ('xalll;l1c~ hrieny
<br />the applic;lhililY of .,1/(,:11 principles In
<br />various waler lI'e....
<br />The degree 10 \vhich Sill'll principk..
<br />can hc' applicd praclicahly over the
<br />wide range of dl'ci...i\ln... or indivu!lt;t!s
<br />and go\crnmCnls illvolved will depcl1l1
<br />on the amount or ha~ic information.
<br />knowlnlgc. and lInder...tandin!! :l\'ail-
<br />able 10 tho...e who make \....:l1er-ll'e de-
<br />cision... and 011 the 'pecifil.: p(lliL'ic'i and
<br />praclice... Ihal arc C''\lahli,lh:d to f:llide
<br />Ihe dC'ci'\ions and acl itlll... \11' waler pliln.
<br />ner:-a, dnelopcr.... and 11,er...
<br />Muny of Itlday", wall..'!'-lhe ptllil.ies
<br />nre l'onsi~te-1I1 with 'ollnd ha...it.: prin~
<br />ciples 10 a con,idl.:rahlL' l'.xlenl. hul few
<br />arc ~<tli'ifactor~ in ;111 rc'pl'CI". Some
<br />arc olllmudcd hcc:lu..e Ihey have not
<br />been kept IIp III dale wil h l'ulTelll and
<br />emerging conditioll' of "'lIpply :IIHI de-
<br />maml. Some arc Ilnrc;.li....,ic in Il1e fllce
<br />of ra,t~dl'\'cloping tl'(.:hnolo~y. SOllle-
<br />arc hurdened wilh comprOll1i,I.:" 10 ac-
<br />commodate special nhjl'cl ive.., which
<br />may now be 4"(.'~li(lnilhlc hCC:HhC of
<br />changing need... :lIld vallle~,
<br />All watcr-Ihe polil'il'''' ,hould he COIl-
<br />linlloll'\ly cxaminl'd for cOllfofll1:l11Ce 10
<br />~ound ha..ic rrincir'c,~ ~lnd [C'aligned in
<br />the light of curre-nl ohjl'cl i\ e.. and pro'i-
<br />pC-Clive condition\;, Warer polil'ic.. ,In\!
<br />prncliccs arc nnl (':J,ily or quickly
<br />changed. Solitl evidence IhCl' :l pOJil'Y
<br />lIOL'" Ill)t conform to ",ollnd prim:ipks
<br />can hc a pO\H'rful factor in hringing
<br />abollt lk..ir;lbk change... in the rit:!ht
<br />direction.
<br />:\'fany currcnL pr0poo;;als for change..
<br />
<br />38
<br />
<br />of (Til(,l'i" IIpO" whirll In judge II/('
<br />.\OII/ldllt'\\' of e/llerRil1.~ policy ;.\\111'\'.
<br />\\'CI.\' III (,.\(,I/fl't/ 10 11'1' nOliI'd of f)il'l'l',inll
<br />III il,\ I'C('/'Il' HI/'I'tin}.: l/II/"'l,~ "IC 'f /'llllS-
<br />po rtf/lion 1~".l:ill('t'I'illg Cmlfl'li'/ll'I' il/
<br />I'/li/tlddp/l;a. It H'{/\' ado/'fl'iI tiS ,/Ie
<br />!'l'li,,}' of ASCE in t/le fofl(lll'i!lJ.: If/nil,
<br />i he ASCL; CO!/llllil1l'l' Oil N(/I;OII/1I
<br />Wa1l'/' Policy. \\.IIi('/I f'n'flf//'I'd ,hi' I/(/f('-
<br />/1/el/r. 1\'(/.\ h('at/cd hy Fil/ley n. Lt/l'Nty_
<br />Other /J/('lIlhl'l's 1\'('1'(' Gl'I't1lr1 T. ^'e-
<br />Carrhy, F. Stt'II'CI/'t Broll'/I. J/arn'y 0,
<br />/lank\' ell/{l Dwight F, ^-ft,t::ll'I',
<br />
<br />in \Valer policy arc ha...ed on ~pl'cial-
<br />i/ed objective, of lhe prOptl'\cr.. :IlHI
<br />ilre nol ,tl'l'olllpaniL'd hy illll-.tratioll of
<br />Ihe L'Xtclll 10 which the\' "':lli,!'\' 1.;(md
<br />fllndamenl:d principle'\.. S\H,:h i.III;,lra.
<br />lion w0ufd help hring ..hOUf adopfion
<br />of :.o"'c d1;\ngc,. "'\lel, a... th",c th;\t
<br />tend to :t,sign l'O...1s nlCll'C directly 10
<br />heneficiaries_ Olher pro1"o'ak "'Hell a'-:
<br />lho...c 'hat would fa\'or ol1e w<ller "lie
<br />or group "f u...er.. at the e"<prn...e of
<br />olhers and wilhout 1Il'1 :ldv~nl;l!,.:e 10
<br />..oci{:ty. would he Illore easily :I\'oided.
<br />Civil engineer... arc in a heffcr p,,,i-
<br />tion lhan any olhcr profl"...ional ~r(lllp
<br />in our ...ociel)' \(l aen'pl the challenge
<br />of impnw(,Illl'1l1 of w;I\I..'r policil'''' ,Inti
<br />pral.:liecs. Civil en~dl1l'crir1g pr;[criL'~ is
<br />\'-TI1 de...ignl'd h1 ,hed light on 1110...1 if
<br />1101 all 01 Ihe f:ICf{lI-" Ihal Ilel'd 10 hl'
<br />IIlHk'rslOod in order 10 hring: ahoul for-
<br />Illlllalion and applicalion of '\01111<.1
<br />walcr policie.. and wise waler-malla~c-
<br />menl decision'l. Civil enginl'er<.; ,hollld
<br />lead in this endeavor and ...holll<l exert
<br />Infcmi\'c cHorl jn concert with Ih~
<br />many other, involved in water-re<'OllJ"CC
<br />man:lgcment 10 improve the ...oundnc",'\
<br />of \l,'aICr-11se policic,-: in the interc..ts
<br />of all Ihe people.
<br />
<br />Boslc concepts ond oblectives
<br />
<br />A fllndamcntal ohjcctive of national
<br />Willer policy ..hollld he 10 pro\'idl,,' for
<br />prc.~crval;on and 1I'\l' of Ihe nalion's
<br />\\'atl'r SOllrce.. elkclivcly, econolllically,
<br />and eq,\lilahly for Ihe wdrare of ;111 of
<br />r he pl'oplc_
<br />Water policy ...hould not he ~lalic and
<br />should recognilc the con...lantly evolv-
<br />ing l:hange... ill demand.., <'upplies. lech~
<br />Jlo!o!-:y, and objel,,'liH" of [he people.
<br />Waler policy ~hllllld he fnr11lu1:lled
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<br />1),'cI'III1't'r 1966
<br />
<br />and applied wilh rCl:l1gnili\l1l of the
<br />many inlenl'lalioll.. of water wilh olhl~r
<br />re..ources.
<br />A ~ollnd nalil1na\ waler pulicy :,ho\lh\
<br />1"1'11eclthc l!cITlpcratic principle thallhc
<br />power of deci,ioll and action ...houlJ, \0
<br />Ihe e'<tent ClHl,j'11.:111 wllh Ihl.: puhlic
<br />I11lcre~ts, b~ l'\erci~ed al the 10we...1 or
<br />..;;mrlC~l org~l1}iz"liollal h.'\.'cI ,n,~jhJe.
<br />
<br />Water-resource planning
<br />
<br />The ohjcctives 10 be atlaincd through
<br />waCcr-r":,,olrrl'C p/;iIlning ,hOllld hc c~-
<br />lahli..hcd at the hl.:!!inlllllg hy l',ilCh
<br />participant in :Iecnnlitnce wilh hi,
<br />rc"'polhihilitie,_ IIHI;vidu,1! ohjeclivl"
<br />Illmt he "\lCl,i.,lellr \\';Ih the pllblic in-
<br />IL'l"l"1 ami Ihc righh of lllhl'r..... I.ocal.
<br />'I:lle, regional. and nalional ohjl.:,:livc'
<br />,lll\llld he e,lahli...hcd hy ilpprnpriate
<br />hl,die-, lhn1(If!h kf!i...l;lfi\,c and ;rtlminis-
<br />Ira\;ve prol'l"...e....
<br />Planning .,h\Hdd he carried on in
<br />,'lIch a way [hat all who h;l\'c rC'ipon-
<br />-",hilifl' or ill/ere>;/ ha\'e nrrorll1nilY 10
<br />rarticipate L:'vl1llllcn'\uralc1y wilh Ihal
<br />1'e...pomihility or inlere'\l. Broad n~l-
<br />lion"l planning i... n~cl''''''.ITY 10 achie\'l'
<br />nucianal ohjecfi\'i.'.,_ Slilfe and rc!:,iOlwl
<br />panicipalion in planning is "......cntial h\
<br />ill'\llrl": proper fornlldallon of hOlh oh-
<br />jcclive'i and plan... fur Ihe nation, re-
<br />f!;(lI1..., and ~!;II\'.'. Sllllil;lrl}', JOC<I) and
<br />individual p1:.nning i... ;lhn ncce..,ary 10
<br />rrovide a ha...i... fl1r illrl'nncd deci,iuIl\
<br />acrms the "pet.:lrU1ll of individu:ll-lo-
<br />na/ion;,1 concern (or \\'i,c me of Wall'f
<br />rc,ources.
<br />The scope of watcr-rc..ollJ'CC plan,
<br />ning should he comprehensive and
<br />...hould indmlc con...ideration of ~1l1
<br />need... lhal call he ,en'cd hy water. now
<br />and in the fUll11'C. and how c\'erYOnL'
<br />cnultl ael 1ll0...1 l'tl'l'l'livcly 10 insure
<br />rcalization pI' tlw...c needs. Thi.. requirc,
<br />development of broad frllmework
<br />plan.. for the nOlI inn a... a wholc and for
<br />1ll:ljor re~ion'i which can '\ervc a'i
<br />guide... tu further planning and develop-
<br />ment ;It the many levels of jurisdiction
<br />involved in wilter usc.
<br />The Fedcr:1l government ~hould pro-
<br />vide leadership 10 imllre that compre-
<br />hensive framework pl:mning is carried
<br />out conlinlloll>;ly, with participation hy
<br />ul! concerned, to delinc eIHc-rging ne-cd>;
<br />and the !,!enerill lhrccliom :Jnd po......i.
<br />hilities for meeling thclll,
<br />
<br />CIVil. E!\(;(NF.F.IIIM;-ASCF.
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