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<br />0012;;2 <br /> <br />-41- <br /> <br />The third and final recent innovation is a storage gage that measures, <br />codes, and reports total accumulated rain and snow (Chadwick, 1964). The <br />falling precipitation is trapped in a storage tank (snow is liquefied by <br />antifreeze solution), evaporation from which is prevented by an oil film. <br />Accumulated precipitation is weighed or sensed by float or transducer, <br />and the coded amount is telemetered by low-drain radio. Measurements by <br />this gage of course exceed water content of the snowpack by the accumu- <br />lated amount of concurrent melt, evaporation and sublimation, and runoff. <br />With this qualification, results are accurate and relatively low in cost. <br /> <br />All three of these innovations are intended for remote, unattended <br />stations to supplement, or to some extent displace, 'older methods of <br />measuring snowpacks. Rigorous trial has led to reasonably dependable' <br />design of each. As yet, however, experience with them has been too brief <br />for judgment as to their ultimate dependability and usefulness. <br /> <br />Selected references <br /> <br />Anderson, A. w., 1957, Forest cover effects on snowpack accumulation and <br />melt, Central Sierra Snow Laboratory: Am. Geophysical Union Trans., <br />v. 37, p. 307-312. <br /> <br />Barkely, J. R., 1957, Agricultural use of snow surveys and seasonal water <br />supply forecasts: Soil Conservation Society of America, paper <br />presented at 14th Annual Meeting. <br /> <br />Beaumont, R. T., 1954, Snow surveying in western mountains: Weatherwise, <br />v. 7, no. 6. <br /> <br />1957, Cooperative snow surveys and water supply forecasting: <br />Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, v. 12, no. 3. <br /> <br />Chadwick, Duane, 1964, An economical total-precipitation telemetering <br />system: Western Snow Conference, Proc. 32d Annual Meeting. <br /> <br />Warnick, C. C., and Penton" 1963, Methods of automatic measurement <br />of snow-water content to predict Water supply: Univ. of Idaho. ' <br /> <br />Work, R. A., 1955, Measuring snow to forecast water supply: U. S. Dept. <br />Agriculture, Yearbook of Agriculture. <br /> <br />___,2,. <br /> <br />