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<br />IJIJ 11(;5 <br /> <br />e <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />was developed to prevent contamination of this source as a result of injection recharge <br />operations. The overall responsibilities of governmental agencies and High Plains Recharge <br />Project sponsors were defined by EP A during initial program planning. <br /> <br />The quality of water in the glacial aquifers in eastern South Dakota is influenced by the <br />chemical composition of the soil and rock materials making up the glacial drift-which can <br />change over very short distances. In some areas, the glacial drift includes material from the <br />underlying Pierre Shale bedrock. As a result, the groundwater quality is variable and <br />depends on wruch aquifer formation is penetrated and at what location. <br /> <br />The Huron Recharge Project's overall goal was one of no endangerment to the ground- <br />water. This was accomplished by: <br /> <br />. Using recharge water that had been treated at the City of Huron's water treatment <br />plant to meet the primary drinking water standards <br /> <br />. Developing a monitoring program to ensure that there was no degradation of the <br />aquifer water quality due to project recharge operations <br /> <br />Water level data were collected at about 2-week intervals after completing the observation <br />wells. These data were used extensively to calibrate flow models and to determine the <br />physical effects of recharge on the aquifer. <br /> <br />Whenever water is injected into an aquifer, the effects on the aquifer's water quality must <br />be considered. To provide this information, the project conducted a 2-year routine water <br />quality screening and a detailed water quality data collection program. The twice-a-month <br />routine water quality screening of approximately 10 observation wells was conducted <br />concurrent with the water level monitoring program. These samples were analyzed for <br />selected water quality parameters to aid in determining potential short-term changes in <br />water quality and to establish the baseline to compare any changes occurring during or <br />after recharge. Well locations were selected on the basis of groundwater flow direction to <br />provide an areal distribution of the water quality of the aquifer, both upgradient and <br />downgradient of the recharge well. <br /> <br />The water quality monitoring program was conducted to provide detailed water quality <br />data before, during, and after recharge. The water quality monitoring plan was comprised <br />of 73 constituents, including the national primary drinking water standards, common <br />inorganic ions, nutrients, general water quality parameters, and pesticides. Water quality <br />samples were collected from two observation wells on a quarterly basis, one upgradient of <br />the proposed location of the recharge well and one downgradient. The James River was <br />sampled three times each spring to determine the water quality at the beginning, middle, <br />and near the end of the runoff season. At the same time, treated water from the Huron <br />water treatment plant was also sampled to ascertain the effects of changing river water <br />quality on the city water supply. The James River and the discharge from the Huron water <br />treatment plant were sampled during the spring to coincide with the anticipated recharge <br />period. <br /> <br />11 <br />