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Last modified
1/26/2010 2:54:08 PM
Creation date
10/12/2006 3:40:07 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8027
Description
Section D General Correspondence - Federal Agencies - BOR - Senate Comm Interior-Insular Affairs
State
CO
Basin
Statewide
Date
12/20/1957
Author
Interior-Insular Aff
Title
Relationships of River and Related Water Resource Development Programs of United States-Soviet Russia-and Red China - Memorandum of the Chairman
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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<br />002405 <br /> <br />~ <br />:{,'.-.'-,? <br /> <br />24 <br /> <br />.~:....(:;~~-- <br />WATER RiES10URGE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS <br /> <br />RED CHINA IRRIGATION <br /> <br />Chinese irrigation is old, enormous, and accelerating. <br />Of necessity, ~ith an i!lcreasing $600 ~illion plus popul!l-ti?n to feed <br />on a self-contamed basIs, the Commumst government m ItS whole <br />high-speed, river-development program gives irrigation works second <br />priority, topped only by flood control. <br />In practIce, with the multiple-purpose, basinwide philosophy em- <br />braced by the Chinese, present-day sizable irrigation projects are <br />driven forward on a basis of realizing full potential benefits of flood <br />control, irrigation, electric power, and waterway transport simul- <br />taneously, when feasible. <br />Figures are ephemeral, but all authorities agree that, relative to the <br />United States, the Communist country is far outstripping the democ- <br />racy in both positive totals and rate of increase on an irrigated-acre, <br />area-unit measurement. <br />The Chinese, on central-government-fostered work only, expect to <br />realize some 7 million new irrigated acres in the 1955-57 period. Thus <br />in 2 years the Communist government proposes to roughly e<J.ual the <br />acreage irrigated in the 55 years since the Bureau of ReclamatIOn was <br />established and irrigation became a Federal function in the U. S. A. <br /> <br />IRRIGATED AREAS MORE THAN 71 MILLION .ACRES <br /> <br />Konwar Sain, the Indian Reclamation Chief, after months of travel <br />over 7,500 miles viewing new Chinese irrigation and thousands of <br />interviews with Chinese officialdom, came to the conclusion "exact <br />figures on total cultivated and irrigated land in China are not avail- <br />able" and so reported verbatim to his Government. Then he sat <br />down in Pekin with his apposite number, Dr. Hao, Communist China's <br />Minister of Water Conservancy, in 1955, and synthesized a reasonably <br />respectable flood of figures to the effect that then 88 percent of China's <br />irrIgated area had been irrigated prior to the establishment of the <br />People's Republic in 1949, and that the area grand total had topped <br />71.5 million acres, which he also reported to his Government. That <br />happened to approximate the Indian grand total. So, still relative- <br />ly, in the spirit of the instruction, it might have appeared to the two <br />Asian veterans, who could consider Americans n~vices in the irrigation <br />field, who had pioneered a few successful projects of greater individual <br />size, that China's 600 million people had attained about the same grand <br />total irrigated area as India with something over half that popula- <br />tion, while the occidental newcomers in the field from the United <br />States have about a third the acreage and less than a third of the <br />population. <br />The presence in the United Nations files of a Chinese leader's re- <br />port to the People's Government in Pekin in 1955 of increases of just <br />one category of irr~ation, led to one more arithmetical exercise. In <br />China the Centraluommunist Government only bothers about irriga- <br />tion units of 10,000 mous-one "mou" being a common Chinese area <br />measurement equivalent to 0.1545 acre. Irrigation of acres below <br />10,000 mous (1,550 acres) are done by local people themselves, and the <br />Central Commlmist Government has no record of such extensive de- <br />velopment. The Chinese report gave a nationallO,OOO-mou unit total <br />for 1949 and for 1954. By utilization of the U. S. Agricultural Irri- <br /> <br />~l~;l~~ <br /> <br />'-.. <br />
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