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Last modified
1/26/2010 2:54:08 PM
Creation date
10/12/2006 3:40:07 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8027
Description
Section D General Correspondence - Federal Agencies - BOR - Senate Comm Interior-Insular Affairs
State
CO
Basin
Statewide
Date
12/20/1957
Author
Interior-Insular Aff
Title
Relationships of River and Related Water Resource Development Programs of United States-Soviet Russia-and Red China - Memorandum of the Chairman
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Report/Study
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<br />WATER RESOUROE DEVEILOPMENT PROGRAMS <br /> <br />~(~~j; ~; <br /> <br />13 <br /> <br />~1]~~1t1 <br /> <br />.;-:~(:;:, <br />~~>:~,:;.) <br />./'''/ <br /> <br />0023% <br /> <br />..). . <br /> <br />RUSSIANS RAVE AMBITIOUS PLANS <br /> <br />A review of Soviet Russia ofliciallitel>ature and propaganda shows <br />it replete with fantastic announcements of plans for vast irrigation <br />enterprises involving such items as 600-mile canals, reversing enor- <br />mous rivers, cutting through or removing mountain ranges by atomic <br />blasts, and even changing the climate of whole provinces. How far <br />these have proceeded, been delayed, or abandoned, cannot easily be <br />determined from the opposite side of the globe, but bits and pieces of <br />them appear reflected in the considerable actual accomplishment of <br />irrigated hectares enumerated above. <br />Currently, a new and major project to irrigate 741,000 more acre>:; <br />of the "Hungry Steppe" in Central Asia's vast desert for cotton cul- <br />ture in Kazakh and Uzbek S. S. R. is underway withohvious sub- <br />stance. It is included in the United Nations report on the Soviet <br />Council of Ministers' "directive" for cultivating "virgin lands" and <br />with more detail by the U. S. Department of Agriculture Foreign <br />Agricultural Service, and has been started. The area has had irriga- <br />tion since 1880, and by 1956 several hundred thousand acres had been <br />added to the agricultural area of the "Hungry Steppe." <br />Now the program is to tap the Syr-Dar'-Ya River-the steppe's <br />only source of water and the seventh largest river in the U. S. S. R.- <br />and by long canals and ditches irrigate 741,000 acres in cotton. That <br />would increase the existent 370;000-ba1e cotton crop of the area by <br />some additional 500,000 bales, or add 14 percent to the U. S. S. R <br />cotton acreage, and that is all to be done in 5 years, or by 1960. There <br />exists no direct U. S. A. comparison with the U. S. S. R. "Hungry <br />Steppe" endeavor. But something of the relative Government en- <br />deavors may be appraised by realizing that this single project raising <br />a single crop apparently never visited by an American, and only an <br />incidentillt.he vast U.S. S.R. program is to add 741,000 irrigated <br />acres to Riissia in 5 years. The entire U. S. Bureau of Reclamation <br />program in 17 Western States is scheduled to add 150,700 acres of land <br />not presently irrigated to the U. S. total for all crops in the current <br />fiscal year ending June 30, 1958. <br />While the U. S. S. R. irrigation drive dwarfs that of the U. S. it <br />helps to keep perspective in world competition by recalling ,that Kon- <br />war Sain, the eminent Indian engineer, after many thousands of miles <br />of eyewitnessing Russian irrigation as a United Nations observer, <br />found it of high quality but embracing no new or startling techniques. <br />Then he concluded his summary-report to his own Government with an <br />opposite type Indian comparison. . His verbatim statement (in 1955) <br />was: <br /> <br />Modern irrigation systems in theU. S. S. R. have been constvucted during the <br />last 25 to 30 years. The total annual irrigation at present is 20 million acres as <br />compared to 55 million acres in India. <br /> <br />SOVIET INLAND WATER TRANSPORT <br /> <br />T~e U. S. S. R. e~deavor to achieve inland water transport through <br />multIple-purpose !'lver and canal ,development is tremendous. . <br />. Relative to the U. S. inlan<i waterways, the best reports establish that <br />III the 38.year period (1928 to1956) the ton-mileage on the U; S. inland <br />waterways increased 2.3 times while. similar Soviet waterway mile~ <br /> <br />.._6.... <br /> <br />., oTT-. <br /> <br />.....,---_.,- - :":~ ~~:~~--?<. <br />
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