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SUMMARY Residual, cumulative, or net impacts The modifications proposed in this supplement ..ill not increase the reaidua1, cumulative, or net impacta of the M&I Syatem beyond those discussed in Chapter C of the FES and as defined by the Council on Environmental Quality publication Re u1ations for I 1ementin the Pro- cedural Provisiona of the National Environmental Policy Act 40 CFR Parts 1500-1508). Short- and long-term impacts (Pages F-1 to F-2 of FES) The modifications proposed in this supplement would have only a minimal impact on the short- versus tbe long-term environmental uses of the project area. This effect would be an increase in the number of lost acres of native vegetation, ..ildlife habitat, and agricultural land. Construction of U.S. Highway 189 along the nortbern route would cause an additional and permanent loss of about 94 acres of native vegetation and 5 acres of agricultural land. The need to mitigate the added impacts to wildlife stemming from road construction and selection of the offsite mitigation plan would result in purchasing fewer acres of State and private land. A much larger commitment of Federal lands no.. used for livestock grazing and wildlife production, however, would be required. Initial management of these lands would be a loss to those farmers or ranchers who have previ- ously used the land for grazing. However, future management goals involve periodic review of the land to evaluate the feasibility of allowing some grazing to facilitate vegetative improvements. Thus, in the long term, the full impact of grazing losses may be lessened. Irreversible impacts (Pages G-1 to G-2 of FES) Irreversible effects of the proposed modifications involve the com- mitment of additional land for added roads and the esthetic effect these roads would have on native scenery. Unquantified impacts All of the reasonably expected impacts from the modifications dis- cussed, both direct and indirect, are presented to some degree in this supplement. The only unquantified impacts are those related to cultural resources. Studies are now underway to provide the necessary data to evaluate prehistoric and historical impacts. The findings of the studies, results of the evaluation, and any mitigating measures that may be needed will be coordinated with the State Historic Preservation Officer. 8-17