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<br />'. ,~..-,..,..__.~ - ,-,..--",",--,,'_~ '......0.,...__...' .~. ..-.,. " ,...-,;......-.'.SI"..'_,,,..,.,O':" ...._ ,.-. ,.,.........",.' .~~:'-.'_... <br /> <br />j <br />J <br />~ <br />-~ <br />'. <br />'l <br /> <br />.., <br />"....' <br /><-I <br />.....1 <br />'., <br /> <br />>::~ <br />:~:J <br />~~:l <br />.:'J <br />'S'''( <br />'.:';3 <br />"',;J <br /> <br />"'-:." <br /> <br />0[J23?: <br /> <br />,roc <br />~~);;, <br />'Ii,' <br />~~ <br /> <br />~;:' <br />~~~ <br />~\j, <br />Kt; <br />.:. <br />i:':~: <br />.';:.-.; <br />.:-. <br />:..... <br />...;;: <br />.' ...~ <br />:i:.:",: <br />{S~; <br />:~~:~~:'$ <br /> <br />processes. Early in the study, it became necessary to adopt a set of' <br />standards f'or qual~ty qf' vater. This was done and it was assumed that <br />cities would be. required to treat their wastes such. that the. BOD removal <br />would be. 85 percent in.lg80, 90 percent. in the year 2000,. and 95 percent <br />in the year 2020. Other quality of' w~ter criteria were also adopted. <br />Since that time the various States have prepared standards.f'or control <br />of' pollution f'or inter~State streams.. Although these State standards <br />were not available when the work on the f'ramework study was started, in <br />most cases the standards adopted for this study are compatible with those <br />adopted by the States. Even with the degree of pollution or degree of <br />treatment assumed for the framework study, there will be many points in <br />the Missouri Basin where the biological load on streams is in excess of <br />that allowed in the standards, and further waste treatment or a supply of <br />additional water for dilution will .be required. In addition, there are <br />currently about 7 million head of cattle in feedlots in the Missouri <br />Basin and this is expected to increase about three times, or to about <br />20 million head by 2020. Many of these f'eedlots are located where the <br />wastes will be drained into the stream and ef'f'orts are underway to f'ind <br />suitable means of' preventing the pollution of' streams from this source. <br />With respect to the thermal pollution, approximately 60 percent of the <br />heat produced in coal or nuclear plants must be wasted. Only about 40 <br />percent is turned into power. Thermal pollution may become a problem, .but <br />is subject to at least same means of control because cooling water can be <br />held in ponds, or cooling towers can be utilized. Of course, both of these <br />methods of preventing thermal pollution are expensive and the other needs <br />for water of the streams will have to be demonstrated in order to impose <br />these means and thus control the thermal pollution. The various factors <br />and means f'or alleviating or merely rating the stream pollution conditions <br />are being considered by the Development Work Group. <br /> <br />,~'. . <br />::>:.- <br />~~ <br />::.~.:::: <br /> <br />r.}:::, <br />..',... <br />t} <br />....OJ., <br />,.:.l')~ <br /> <br />I~ <br />.:-:~:- <br />,~',:~~~ <br />,::.;:i. <br />:-:'.~. <br />!t! <br />):~' , <br />." ,~~~ I <br /> <br />;~,"' <br /> <br />,'~:.; <br />;:::"1}1 <br />c..... <br />t.[:. <br /> <br />Electric Power - Electric power has become a common commodity used by <br />all and the.use has been increasing at a rather surprising rate. The in- <br />crease in the past several years has been between six and seven percent a <br />year, or a doubling of' the power needs about every ten years. Currently <br />there are ten million kilowatts of power generating capability in the Basin, <br />of' which about 28 percent is hydro and 72 percent thermal. An average of <br />about 39 billion kilowatt-hours of energy are produced, two. thirds by thermal <br />generation and the balance by hydro generation. The projected paver re- <br />quirements show that by the year 2020 some 147 million kilowatts of capacity <br />will be required, and this is about 13 times that now in the Basin. Energy <br />requirements will. be about 670 billion kilowatt-hours or about 25 times <br />that used currently in the Basin. By 2020, it is estimated that nuclear <br />fuels will be used as a heat source for approximately half ot the thermal <br />installation. Water requirements are currently about 3-3/10 million acre- <br />feet for condensor water and this will increase to about 45.5 million acre- <br />f'eet in 2020. To supply these requirements will require stream diversions <br />of 1.7 million acre-feet in 1965 and about 5.1 million acre-feet in 2020. <br />Actual consumption of water has been estimated at 37 million acre-feet <br />currently and will increase to about 603 million acre-feet in 2020. <br /> <br />':',.: <br /> <br />f: <br />!'~ ' <br /> <br />"'.: <br /> <br />~: <br /> <br />:~ I' <br /> <br />31 <br /> <br />. ,>~ '. <br /> <br />~. "::';;"";:,.' <br /> <br />'.': :'/,f.:.:'< :t~/.~~)~T~.~::.<~'.\:~', ~:>? :.:. .:..\;.\~~;,~~:<;.:'c :~~.: :~:~ ~-;~.~.::.::., .:-: <br />~ ::- ,',::'" <br /> <br />.:::>;.~}i(';;;~;~:'~;<;. <br /> <br />'i::'i~f(::.;,.r~Jt~,;'S}tJ::iiS~t'J~~ <br />