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Last modified
1/26/2010 2:50:02 PM
Creation date
10/12/2006 3:20:01 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8273.600.20
Description
Colorado River Basin Salinity Control - Federal Agencies - USDA
Basin
Colorado Mainstem
Water Division
5
Date
4/1/1996
Title
Grand Valley Salinity Project 1995 Annual Monitoring and Evaluation Report
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
Annual Report
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<br />The average annual deep percolation in the Grand Valley was originally <br />~ estimated to be 11 acre inches per acre, which contributes approximately <br />1'.) four tons of salt per acre foot to the Colorado River. However, <br />CO monitoring data for the last ten years indicate the average deep <br />~ percolation to be slightly less than 15 acre inches per acre . <br /> <br />In 1995, the average deep percolation for all eight sites was 11.9 <br />inches (Table 3). This is a decrease of 7.1 inches per acre compared to <br />1994. The eight surface sites consisted of two sites with surge systems <br />and six without surge (conventional irrigation). Deep percolation was <br />13.2 inches for the six conventional sites and 8.0 inches for the two <br />surge sites (Table 2). A reduction of 5.2 inches per acre in deep <br />percolation was achieved with surge irrigation. <br /> <br /> TABLE 3 <br /> GRAND VALLEY SALINITY PROJECT <br /> TEN-YEAR SUMMARY OF IRRIGATION MONITORING DATA, 1986-1995 <br />Year Field No. of Inflow Outflow Infilt. SHOll D.P.21 Irrig.31 <br /> aeres irrig. (in) (in) (in) (in) (in) Effie. (%) <br />1986 20 7 55.3 18.6 36.8 23.4 13 .4 42 <br />1987 19 7 53.5 16.1 37.4 24.8 12.6 46 <br />1988 21 9 54.3 13.6 40.7 26.0 14.7 48 <br />1989 21 9 52.9 14.4 38.5 26.1 12.4 49 <br />1990 15 8 61.3 18.6 42.7 25.7 17.0 42 <br />1991 15 7 56.4 14.9 41.5 25.6 15.9 45 <br />1992 16 7 56.4 14.2 42.2 25.5 16.7 45 <br />1993 17 7 51,.9 15.1 36.8 25.0 11. 8 48 <br />1994 21 8 67.1 17.8 49.3 25.1 19.0 45 <br />1995 30 4 42.2 16.6 25.6 25.0 11. 9 32 <br />Average 19.5 7 55.1 16.0 39.2 25.2 14.5 44 <br /> <br />1'SMD is soil moisture deficit <br />2/D.P. Is average deep percolation for all surface and sprinkler irr. sites <br />3/Percent Irr1;. Effie. = (inflow - outflow - D.P. I inflow) x 100 <br /> <br />Currently, the monitoring water budget program does not have the ability <br />to adjust for high water table. Additionally, there is no equipment <br />available to give a quick reliable estimate of soil moisture in the <br />field to make needed adjustments to the computer generated values. The <br />existing M&E Water Balance Program does not allow for any adjustment of <br />computer generated soil moisture values. At some sites, actual field <br />moisture checks indicate that there is more water in the soil profile <br />than indicated by calculated values. As a result, ETa is probably over- <br />estimated for some crops. <br /> <br />Evaluation of deep percolation data for the eight surface sites indicate <br />that some of the largest deep percolation is occurring at sites with <br />Hanksville soil. This is one of the dominant soils in the west end of <br />the Grand Valley. The Hanksville soil is usually 15 to 20 inches in <br />depth with shale layers at 20" to 40" depth. The total water holding <br />capacity is only 3 to 4 inches and is therefore hard to manage for <br />irrigation scheduling and water management. In this soil, water takes <br />an extended amount of time to reach the end of the furrow because of <br />uneven water distribution. Water tends to go into surface cracks and <br />flows over shale layers and eventually to the Colorado River. Farmers <br />keep irrigating until the end of each furrow is saturated. It takes <br />five days or more to irrigate one set at some sites. <br /> <br />10 <br />
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