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<br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br />I <br /> <br />I r;-, ", _C (') .::' ;'~ <br />.:) .~' ~~ ~j '-.;1 :J <br /> <br />Texas <br /> <br />Soil s surveys for the more northern counti es of 01 dham, Potter and <br />Donley were reviewed. It was noted that erosion was especially damaging to <br />soils with a clayey subsoil and to those soils that have a large accumulation <br />of calcium carbonate in the upper part of the subsoil. It is indicated that <br />a "better soil improvement program can be carried out under irrigation. . . <br />more crops can be grown for green manure, more crop residue can be produced, <br />and better use can be made of the residue." Allowable soil losses by wind <br />and water that can occur without affecting crop productivity over a sustained <br />period were calculated by SCS at 1 to 5 tons/acre/year. <br /> <br />In Gaines County, a previous study evaluated 39 farms and found that 31 <br />were losing topsoil at 40 tons/acre/year or greater. An overview report on <br />the status of desertification in the hot arid regions would indicate moderate <br />to severe concerns over the entire study area but with the severest concerns <br />centered in Texas. <br /> <br />No deta il ed soil surveys were avail abl e for Yoakum, Terry or Hock 1 ey <br />Counties, selected as representative of the more southern area in Texas. <br />However, general soil maps by the Soil Conservation Service were reviewed. <br />In Yoakum County, most of the soil s are either Patrici a-Amari 11 0, deep, <br />mOderately permeable fine sands and loamy fine sands or Brownfield-Tivoli, <br />deep, moderately and rapidly permeable fine sands. <br /> <br />Co 1 orado <br /> <br />Detail ed soil surveys for Phi 11 ips (northern area) and Baca (southern) <br />Counties were reviewed. In Baca County, there are areas of dune land which <br />are a hazard to surrounding areas because of blowing sand. The precipitation <br />is marginal for crops and soil blowing is severe during extended droughts. <br />In more northern Phillips County, one encounters the Valentine Series (see also <br />Nebraska) with a few blow-outs being noted as 1/2 to 5 acres in size. Where <br />Valentine Series Soils have been overgrazed, revegetation in hilly areas is <br />said to be extremely difficult. The Rago and Kuma loams, which occupy 38.5% <br /> <br />1-7 <br />