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Last modified
7/29/2009 9:55:42 PM
Creation date
10/12/2006 3:00:36 AM
Metadata
Fields
Template:
Water Supply Protection
File Number
8064
Description
Section "D" General Federal Issues/Policies - Indian Water Rights
Date
1/1/3000
Author
Jack D Palma II
Title
Considerations and Conclusions Concerning the Transferability of Indian Water Rights, Natural Resources Journal
Water Supply Pro - Doc Type
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<br />,..... ' <br />, <br />. 0 8 2,:(}.. <br /> <br />. . <br /> <br />.I.lllll~ry 1990J <br /> <br />TRA"\SFER.~BJLlTY OF INDJAN "',HER RJGIITS 9; <br /> <br />of water," both riparian and Winlers water rights exist as a result of <br />ownership of bnd.2' As a consequence of the appurtenancy of these <br />rirhts. neithcr riparian nor reserved water rights can be lost through <br />n;n-use." Riparian rights are confined to use upon thc lands to <br />\\'hich they are appnrtenant, thus precluding the use by the riparian <br />()\mer. or sale to another for use, off the lands to which the water is <br />3Ppurtenant.:. The logic behind this prohibition is that each riparian <br />(lwner is entitled only to the reasonable use of water, taking into <br />account the needs of other riparian users,' 7 The law refused to ailow <br />one riparian owner to monopolize the stream to the exclusion of the <br />needs and uses of others, a rationale which is equally applicable as it <br />relates to the effect of Indian water c.ses upon other users of the <br />stream. <br />Indian water rights benefit from a priority date at least equal to <br />the datc of the creation of the reservation." That priority exists <br />whcther or not the tribes have historically exerciscd ~uch rights.' 9 a <br />principle' foreign to the appropriation doctrine and not widely under- <br />>lood by western appropriators who operate under a system which <br />!'fants priority in the use of water to those who made early applic3- <br />tion of water to beneficial use. <br /> <br />The result has been apprehension in the western public land sl.tes <br />that the [Winters] doctrine will have the effect of disrupting estab. <br />lished water right priority systems and destroying. without compen. <br />sation, water rights considered to have vested under state law. More- <br />over. the uncertainty generated by the doctrine is an impediment to <br />sound coordinated planning for future water resources develop- <br />ment.30 <br /> <br />TIle transfer of Indian water rights for off-reservation uses can <br />only hdghten the apprehension within western states, since it will <br />greatly increase the prospect that large quantities of water will be <br />consumptively used by Indian water right holders to the exclusion of <br /> <br />:!3. Sec. e.g., Coiiin v. Lefl Hand Ditch Co.. 6 Colo. ~43 (1 S82); LIJ"' v. Hagf'in, 10 P. <br />b74 (Cal. t886). <br />~4. Set'. e.g., Illinois C.R.R. Co. v. Illinois, 146 U.S. 387 (1892); United States \.. Hibner. <br />2i L2d 909lD.ldaho 1928). <br />~5. [d.: Har!-'Ta\"e \". Cook. ~ I P. 18 (CaI. 1895). Under !.he common law. and by st;.Jlute <br />u: ~ollle states, appro!=,ri:Hi\"e ril!hts may be subjecl !O abandonment or forfeiture for :lon- <br />">e. See, c.g.. 2 KI~~lY.IRRIGATlU:-; A:-;D WATER RtGHTS SillS (2d ed. 1912); <br />"YU. STAT. S41.3-40t 1I977J. <br />cb. 7 R. ClARK. WAHRS A:-;D WATER RtGHTS, <614.\ 1I976). <br />2.7. Iii.. ~516.2. . <br />:8. \\ InIl.:r'J, \'. L:nited Stol.!~S, 207 U.S. 564 (! 908). <br />:9. United Slates '". HibrlCI.17 r.2d 909 (D. Jd:l.ho 1928). <br />..(). PLBLlC LA~ll lA\\' REVIEW CUmIlSStO~, O~E THIRD 01" THE :-;ATIO~'S <br />l^~llS \44 (1970). <br />
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